The Impact of Satellite Measurements on Fossil Fuel Emissions Worldwide

In a groundbreaking development, researchers at the University of Minnesota have introduced a novel tool to monitor ethane levels from space. This cutting-edge technology has the potential to revolutionize our understanding of fossil fuel emissions on a global scale.

The team of scientists utilized data from a satellite-based instrument to track the movement of infrared radiation emitted by Earth through the atmosphere and into space. By analyzing the absorption of this radiation by atmospheric gases, they were able to quantify the levels of ethane, a common component of natural gas.

Ethane, commonly used in plastics manufacturing, is an indicator of oil and gas extraction activities. Monitoring ethane emissions is crucial for assessing air quality degradation and its contribution to climate change. Despite the challenges posed by multiple pollutant sources, this new tool offers a promising solution.

The researchers employed a machine learning algorithm to interpret the satellite data and create maps of ethane concentrations over major oil and gas basins globally. Notably, the Permian Basin in Texas and New Mexico emerged as a significant hotspot for ethane emissions, accounting for a substantial portion of the total fossil fuel ethane output worldwide.

This research marks a crucial initial step towards utilizing satellite technology for monitoring atmospheric ethane emissions. Plans are underway to enhance measurement continuity and accuracy, enabling a comprehensive understanding of fossil fuel emission trends over time. The deployment of additional instruments in geostationary orbits will facilitate real-time monitoring and detailed insights into air pollutant emissions.

Lead author Jared Brewer emphasizes the importance of this new tool in identifying previously underestimated ethane emissions from key regions like the Permian Basin. With the ability to track fossil fuel emissions worldwide, researchers are poised to make significant strides in reducing environmental impact and improving air quality on a global scale.