Recent research conducted by CSIRO, Australia’s national science agency, has revealed that new Australian homes are significantly more airtight than those tested in 2015. This is a positive development for homeowners, as homes and apartments that meet recommended air tightness standards offer increased comfort, lower energy bills, and improved indoor air quality. Air tightness plays a crucial role in minimizing unintended air movements within a building, preventing outdoor air from penetrating and indoor air from escaping. Conversely, poor air tightness can result in drafts and increased energy consumption by up to 20%.
While airtight homes have their benefits, it is essential to strike a balance. Homes that are overly airtight, without proper ventilation systems in place, can lead to issues such as condensation, mold growth, and health problems for residents. Increased levels of carbon dioxide and monoxide can result in headaches and nausea. The study conducted by CSIRO included testing 233 apartments and detached houses built in the past four years in major Australian cities. The results indicated areas where improvements can be made to ensure optimal air tightness levels.
Senior Experimental Scientist and project lead Michael Ambrose highlighted that leakages were found in most new homes, particularly from bathroom fans, sliding doors, and poor door seals. Additionally, some apartments were found to be excessively airtight, which can negatively impact building performance and resident health in the absence of controlled ventilation. The research suggested a range of recommendations to address common air tightness issues in Australian building codes.
Improving Building Performance
One of the key recommendations included establishing air tightness standards in the National Construction Code (NCC) to ensure that all new buildings meet the required levels of air tightness. Furthermore, the report advocated for controlled ventilation in new constructions, especially apartments, to reduce indoor pollutants and excess moisture. Mandatory implementation of air barriers, such as building wraps, in all new residences was also proposed to enhance air tightness levels.
Enhancing Energy Efficiency
The study also emphasized the importance of providing on-site training and educational resources for builders to promote cost-effective solutions that improve building performance. By addressing air tightness issues during construction, homeowners can benefit from reduced energy bills, better indoor air quality, and increased comfort. The alignment of actual air tightness levels with those assumed by the Nationwide House Energy Rating Scheme (NatHERS) underscores the need for accurate predictions and displays of air tightness values on NatHERS certificates.
The research conducted by CSIRO highlights the importance of air tightness in Australian homes and the potential benefits of meeting recommended standards. By addressing common air tightness issues and implementing the recommended improvements, homeowners can enjoy a more comfortable living environment, lower energy bills, and improved indoor air quality. It is crucial for policymakers, builders, and homeowners to work together to ensure that new constructions prioritize air tightness to enhance building performance and resident health.
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